Selective Polymyositis Induced by Coxsackievirus BI in Mice

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Abstract
A high-passage laboratory strain of coxsackievirus BI produced a unique myositis that predominantly and profoundly affected hip extensors and, to a lesser extent, hindquarter knee flexors when inoculated into a strain of random-bred newborn mice of Swiss origin (COH mice). The effect was not observed in BALB/ c or C3H mice similarly inoculated. In addition to the differences in susceptibility of the mouse strains, it was found that six different low-passage "field" isolates of coxsackievirus BI isolated from infected patients varied considerably in their capability to induce these lesions. Thus, selective myositis which is muscle group-specific can be induced in a mouse model with coxsackievirus BI, and both genetic factors of the host and characteristics of the virus strain play a significant role in the pathogenesis of the myositis.