Prostitution and the Origins of the Governmental Regulatory System in Nineteenth-Century Spain: The Plans of the Trienio Liberal, 1820-1823

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Abstract
Spain emerged from the Napoleonic era in political upheaval, as did much of the rest of Europe. The native Bourbon dynasty that had been overthrown—its king replaced by Napoleon's own brother, Joseph Bonaparte I (ruled 1808-13)—returned to the throne and to its absolutist practices under Fernando VII (ruled 1814-20). Yet the desire for liberal and more democratic government, as reflected in the Constitution of 1812, which had been adopted during the war of independence against the French occupation by an assembly meeting at Cádiz, made itself felt in a military revolt also in Cádiz in 1820 that obliged Fernando to accept the limitations on his royal authority that the constitution had outlined. In 1823, however, French military intervention restored political absolutism, which continued until Fernando's death in 1833.