Three-Dimensional Structure of a Transfer RNA in Two Crystal Forms

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Abstract
The structural features common in all 3 models at the present time can be summarized as follows. The molecule has an overall shape of a letter L. The secondary structure predicted from the cloverleaf model is present. The amino acid arm and the T.psi.C arm make 1 long helix; the dihydrouridine arm and the anticodon arm make the other long helix. These 2 long helices are related by a pseudo 2-fold axis and form an L. The 3'' terminus is at one end and the anticodon is at the other end of the L. The T.psi.C and dihydrouridine loops are at the corner of the L. The molecule is about 22 .ANG. thick and the lengths of the 2 axes of the L are about 73 and 70 .ANG., respectively. All bases except 5 are stacked along the 2 axes of the molecule. They are D16, D17, G20, U47, and A76. All the double helical stems are of the genus A type. There are 8 H-bonded tertiary interactions between bases, which are either invariant or semi-invariant in most tRNA''s. These are U8.cntdot.A14, G15.cntdot.C48, G18.cntdot..psi.55, G19.cntdot.C56, G26.cntdot.A44, T54.cntdot.A58, and there are two base triples, that is, U12.cntdot.A23 .cntdot.A9 and C13.cntdot.G22.cntdot.G46.

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