Parameterization of the glottal source function and glottographic waveforms

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Abstract
A five-parameter representation of glottal and glottographic waveforms is proposed. Parameters consist of amplitude, period, open quotient, symmetry (speed) quotient, and an exponent of a trigonometric function that governs the sharpness of closure. A compact mathematical formula, based on a nonlinearly distorted sinusoid, is proposed for synthesis. It produces a variety of functions, ranging from idealized square, sawtooth, and sinusoidal waveshapes to more complex truncated and skewed pulses. The effects of each parameter on the waveshapes and spectral envelopes are demonstrated. Sharpness of closure determines the spectral slope, symmetry quotient is related to the amplitude of the spectral ripple, and open quotient is related to the periodicity of the ripple. Strategies for automatic picking of the parameters are suggested for analysis of glottographic waveforms.

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