Synthetic Flight Training Revisited

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Abstract
Critical issues in the development and use of synthetic flight trainers are reviewed. Degree of simulation and fidelity of simulation are discussed as key design considerations. Problems in measurement of original learning, transfer, and retention are presented. Both transfer effectiveness and cost effectiveness are described as critical factors in the evaluation of flight trainers. Recent training innovations, such as automatically adaptive training, computer-assisted instruction, cross-adaptive measurement of residual attention, computer graphics, incremental transfer effectiveness measurement, and response surface methodology, are discussed as potential techniques for improving synthetic flight training. It is concluded that broader application of simulation is necessary to meet the new demands of pilot training, certification, and currency assurance in air transportation.

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