Seasonality of Trichoderma Species in a Spruce-Forest Soil

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Abstract
An intensive study of the occurrence of Trichoderma sp. in a spruce-forest soil was conducted to investigate the effects of seasonal change on Trichoderma populations. Nine species of Trichoderma [T. polysporum, T. viride, T. koningii, T. hamatum, T. pseudokoningii, T. harzianum, T. longibrachiatum] were isolated, of which 2 are undescribed species. Of the species which occurred at relatively high frequencies, T. polysporum was most abundant in the fall and winter, T. viride in the spring and fall and T. koningii and an undescribed species (LP 58) were most abundant in the summer. All species showed a high level of spatial variation at all times of the year. A multiple regression analysis, relating the occurrence of the Trichoderma spp. to measured environmental parameters, indicated that for T. viride there was a significant relationship between its occurrence and soil moisture content and temperature. For the other 3 common species, the best predictive equations incorporated biotic variables, mainly the occurrence of other Trichoderma spp. The seasonal variation in the occurrence of Trichodermas is probably mediated to a large extent by competition with other species rather than by the direct effect of abiotic factors.

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