Trifluoperazine inhibits insulin action on glucose metabolism in fat cells without affecting inhibition of lipolysis.

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Abstract
One of the specific inhibitors of calmodulin action, trifluoperazine, blocked the stimulating action of porcine insulin on 2-deoxyglucose uptake and glucose metabolism. The inhibitory effect of insulin on lipolysis was not altered by the drug. The active (insulin-stimulated) state and the basal state of lipogenesis were inhibited half-maximally at 80 and 550 .mu.M trifluoperazine, respectively. 2-Deoxyglucose uptake was inhibited half-maximally at a trifluoperazine concentration of 70 .mu.M. Other less potent calmodulin inhibitors also inhibited glucose metabolism in fat cells but in a nonspecific manner. The inhibition was noncompetitive and was not altered in Ca2+-free medium. The stimulating activity of wheat germ agglutinin and of sodium vanadate were also inhibited by trifluoperazine. The dose-dependent inhibitions were indistinguishable whether the active (stimulated) state was produced by insulin, wheat germ agglutinin or vanadate. A late event in the sequence that ultimately leads to enhanced glucose transport activity in fat cells is evidently specifically inhibited by trifluoperazine. The possible involvement of calmodulin or another related Ca2+-dependent regulatory protein in the exocytic (fusion) reaction that recruits glucose-transport activity from storage sites to the plasma membranes is discussed.