Quantitative evaluation of left ventricular shape in anterior aneurysm

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Abstract
The purpose of the study was to analyze left ventricular (LV) shape in post‐infarction anterior aneurysm by utilizing quantitative analysis of wall curvature.Forty‐one patients (39 men, 2 women; mean age 56 years) subjected to surgical intervention for LV aneurysm complicating an anterior myocardial infarct were retrospectively evaluated. In all patients the presence of resectable aneurysmal tissue had been confirmed by direct surgical examination. Patients with inferior myocardial infarction and patients who had undergone percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) or bypass surgery were excluded. Pre‐intervention ventriculograms (RAO projection) were analyzed. LV wall motion was studied by applying the centerline method. Regional curvature of end‐diastolic and end‐systolic outlines was calculated at 90 equidistant points from aortic corner (point 1) to mitral plane (point 90).Patients with LV anterior aneurysm show a typical pattern of alterations in wall curvature, which is characterized by a shifting of the angiographic apex (the point with the greatest curvature) towards the mitral plane, and by a sharp shift of curvature values at the antero‐basal and infero‐apical regions, marking the borders of the sac. These hinge points closely correspond to the external limits of wall motion abnormalities. Significant correlations were found between degree of regional curvature alterations and severity of global LV dysfunction, as indicated by decrease of ejection fraction and increase of end‐systolic volume.In conclusion, quantitative evaluation of LV shape by means of wall curvature analysis allows recognition of the characteristic morphologic changes of the aneurysm, i.e., wall expansion and deformation. The alterations of regional curvature correlate with the extent of wall motion abnormalities and the severity of global LV dysfunction.