COLOR SCIENCE IS based on important contributions of many well known figures: Isaac Newton, Thomas Young, Hermann Helmholtz, Hermann Grassman, James Clerk Maxwell and Erwin Schrödinger to mention only the most prominent. Seemingly as an aside, incidental to one of his lucid lectures, Maxwell invented three‐color photography. He explained the principle on which all modern color photography, color printing and color television are based. Despite years of development, however, those who practice those arts still have much to learn from Maxwell and Frederic Ives, who first practiced, interpreted and championed Maxwell's idea, and from the science of color that grew out of the work of Maxwell, Ives and Ives's son Herbert.