HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK: A METHOD FOR ITS PRODUCTION AND A FORMULA FOR PROGNOSIS

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Abstract
A method for the production of hemorrhagic shock, and for the early prediction of survival and effects of plasma substitutes is described. Unanesthetized mongrel dogs were used under local anesthesia. Plasma vol. was detd. with the Evans Blue method. 25, 23, 21, 19 and 17% respectively of the original blood vol. were withdrawn at hourly periods. Half an hr. following each hemorrhage the plasma and red cells were reinfused; 10% of each reinfusion was retained for detns. The chances of survival of the animal could be predicted from the CO2 value or from the product of CO2 and blood pressure at the 1/2 hr. period after the first hemorrhage. The product of blood pressure and CO2 has been called the Factor of Probability of Survival (F.P.S.). The level of the blood pressure 1/2 hr. after the first bleeding was of little value as an index of the actual condition of the animal or the prognosis as to survival. The values of arterial plasma CO2 content and of the F.P.S. paralleled roughly the survival of the dogs. Upon statistical analysis CO2 and F.P.S. were equally good for prediction of survival; the F.P.S. is slightly better than the CO2 value. Infusion with 0.9% saline and the animals red cells did not save any of the dogs beyond the duration of the expt. The CO2 and the F.P.S. give the means to predict the probable course of the expt. and to classify individual animals according to their resistance to shock.

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