Broadening of interfacial solitary waves

Abstract
Progressing interfacial gravity waves are considered for two fluids of differing densities confined in a channel of finite vertical extent and infinite horizontal extent. An integrodifferential equation for the unknown shape of the interface is derived. This equation is discretized and the resulting algebraic equations are solved using Newton’s method. It is found that, for a range of heights and densities of the two fluids, the system supports a branch of solitary waves. Progression along the branch produces a broadening of the wave. With increased broadening both the amplitude and the wave speed approach limiting values. The results are in good agreement with analytical studies and indicate the existence of internal surges.

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