Novel polycationic biocides: Synthesis and antibacterial activity of polymeric phosphonium salts

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Abstract
Various polymeric phosphonium salts and the corresponding low‐molecular‐weight model compounds were prepared and their antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were explored by the viable cell counting method in sterile distilled water. Antibacterial activity of the polymers was found to be higher than that of the corresponding model compounds, particularly against S. aureus. Furthermore, the polymeric phosphonium salt exhibited a higher activity by 2 orders of magnitude than the polymeric quaternary ammonium salt with the same structure except the cationic part. Compounds with the longest alkyl chain (octyl) studied were found to exhibit particularly high activity, and this finding may be ascribed to the contribution of the increased hydrophobicity of the compounds to the cidal activity. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.