On the origin of dislocations

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Abstract
In the face-centred cubic lattice a stacking fault, caused by the condensation of vacancies on a {111} plane, is converted into a dislocation source of Frank-Read type if it is swept by a half-dislocation of a kind that restores lattice order. Dislocation sources will also arise in other major lattice types through the condensation of vacancies on close-packed lattice planes. It is proposed that these are the dislocation sources which release a major proportion, if not all, of the dislocations formed during plastic deformation. Besides several minor advantages, the introduction of this kind of dislocation source can account for all the important glide systems found in crystals of the most common lattice types.

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