Grade-related changes in event-related potentials (ERPs) in primary school children: Differences between two reading tasks

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Abstract
Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded from the left and right temporal and parietal sites during word reading in a group of children who were followed over three consecutive years, starting at Grade 1. The first task required the child to read repeatedly presented words; the second task consisted of a series of different words, with each word being presented only once. All ERP components showed changes in amplitude as a function of grade: P240, N530, the parietal N150, and SW all decreased, whereas the temporal N360 and SW both increased. In addition, SW changed from no asymmetry to larger positivity over the right site, whereas N360 changed from symmetric amplitudes to larger amplitudes over the left hemisphere with grade. Single word presentations were associated with smaller SW activity and larger N530 and N360 amplitudes than were repeated word presentations. It was also found that proficient readers showed larger SW and N360 asymmetries and shorter vocal response times than did less proficient readers. In addition, a positive relationship was found between reading performance and ERP amplitudes over the left temporal hemisphere at Grades 2 and 3, particularly in the single word reading task. The results are discussed in terms of age-related changes in right and left hemisphere functions involved in learning to read.