The Loading and Friction of Thrust and Journal Bearings With Perfect Lubrication

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Abstract
The author brings together here for the first time important formulas and charts that have been offered by bearing analysts in this field during the past fifteen or twenty years. Some new material is added for completeness, and some references made to earlier fundamental work. Descriptive matter that accompanied the original publication of the charts and formulas has been eliminated as far as practicable. Improved charts derivable from earlier ones, and the rearrangement of others will, it is hoped, prove more useful to the designing engineer than the original publications. The net result is a concise summary of valuable information. In order that the reader at the beginning may have a fair idea of what is to be found and where in this paper, an explanation of the contents follows: The first section dealing with journal bearings begins with a concise illustrated description of their several kinds. The side-leakage chart is then explained because from its curves are obtained the correction factors that are necessary for the proper application of the subsequent material to the solving of journal-bearing problems. Optimum conditions for journal bearings of three classes are shown by charts, tables, and formulas. The titles, captions, and notes on these pages are intended to be sufficient explanation. General conditions for journal bearings of several classes are next shown by a series of charts which are accompanied by the necessary textual explanation. Thrust-bearing loading and friction data follow the charts for general conditions for journal bearings. They refer only to Kingsbury thrust bearings, which are made with freely pivoted shoes supporting a thrust collar having an unbroken flat surface. Data are given only for a single set of such surfaces having six pivoted shoes. The appendixes, of which there are five, contain descriptive matter, the reading of which will help the reader in understanding the first section of the paper. Appendix A contains the symbols and their explanation. Appendix B gives a number of examples together with their solutions, which explain applications of the charts. These are by no means exhaustive. Appendix C discusses viscous flow in general, the viscosity coefficient, the relation between viscosity and friction, and gives useful formulas for several kinds of viscous flow useful to those dealing with bearing problems. Conversion factors are given for several units of absolute viscosity. The symbols for these formulas differ in some respects from those in Appendix A. Appendix D contains an explanation of perfect lubrication as it occurs in bearings, and covers such headings as tapered oil film, side leakage, film thickness, viscosity change within film, the flat-wedge film, the curved-wedge film, optimum conditions, deviations from optimum. This is a valuable introduction to the charts in the body of this paper. Appendix E is a bibliography of the technical literature referred to in or forming parts of the paper.

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