Square-Loop Properties of Materials in the System NiFe2O4–Fe3O4–MnFe2O4

Abstract
Toroids composed of polycrystalline materials of a number of compositions in the system NiFe2O4–Fe3O4–MnFe2O4 exhibit rectangular magnetic hysteresis loops. The squareness ratios, switching coefficients, and coercivities, and their temperature coefficients demonstrate the usefulness of these materials as the storage elements in coincident‐current computer memories. The square hysteresis loops in this system can be explained with the aid of existing knowledge of the magnetocrystalline and stress anisotropies.