High-temporal-resolution volume heart imaging with multirow computed tomography

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Abstract
Functional cardiac imaging with 3rd generation CT scanners is challenging, because the temporal resolution seems to be limited to approximately 2/3 of the rotation time of the gantry. We propose a new method for high temporal resolution volume heart imaging with multirow detectors based on a retrospective electrocardiogram-gated rebinning procedure. The limited time resolution is overcome using time consistent projection data retrieved from more than one cardiac cycle. In principle the method provides volume heart imaging with adjustable time resolution at arbitrary cardiac phases. It can be applied both for spiral and axial scan imaging. The presented study is based on computer simulations incorporating a model of the human heart taking into account anatomy, motion and heart rate variability. For multirow detectors we were able to show that good image quality can be obtained even during systole with temporal resolution which even exceeds that provided by an Electron Beam Scanner in standard mode of operation. Using an area detector with detector height > 3 cm (center of rotation) the total measurement time is within one breathhold for complete volume imaging of the heart. Furthermore, freezing motion of the coronary arteries during enddiastole allows high quality 3D display of coronary anatomy.

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