Hidden fermions inZ(2)theories

I show that Ising models and $Z\left(2\right)\mathrm{}$ gauge theories, in any number of dimensions, are equivalent to systems of fermions with local interactions only. This is done in the Hamiltonian formalism by rewriting the Hamiltonians in terms of locally coupled fermion operators. One advantage of the fermionic formalism is that duality transformations become trivial. All unsolved models have products of four or more fermion operators as terms in their Hamiltonians.