Studies of Ester-Containing Surfactants. Preparation and Properties of Sodium Sulfoalkyl Alkanoates

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Abstract
A series of sodium sulfoalkyl alkanoates, RCOO(CH2)jSO3Na, were prepared by means of sodium isethionate, propane sultone, and butane sultone with normal primary fatty acid composed of 10, 11, and 12 carbon atoms respectively. The effects of the position of the ester group on the Krafft point, the critical micelle concentration (CMC), the surface tention, and the other surface and colloidal properties of these surfactants were investigated. For a given number of carbon atoms, moving the ester group from the ionic head to a more central position in the hydrocarbon chain increased the CMC value and the calcium ion stalbility, and decreased the emulsion stability and the stability to hydrolysis. However, the wetting time was not strongly influenced by the position of the ester group in these compounds. The Krafft point of these surfactants decreased as the ester group was moved to a more central position.

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