Composition and Diagnosis of Pine Tip Moth Infestations In the Southeast

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Abstract
Three species of Rhyacionia tip moths (Olethreutidae) attack pine trees in the Southeastern United States. Identification of adults reared from 22 samples of infested pine tips collected in 7 States showed that nearly half the samples contained more than 1 species of tip moth. Rhyacionia frustrana (Comstock) was present in all samples. In samples of mixed composition, the second species was either R. rigidana (Fernald) or R. subtropica Miller. Binomial confidence intervals are proposed for practical use in diagnosing the species involved in infestations from samples of identified moths. Further, a guide is presented to help identify the species of larval and adult specimens. Setal characters are used for differentiation of tip moth larvae, and wing color pattern, wing length, and genital characters for differentiation of adults.

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