Attitudes toward Nuclear Energy

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Abstract
This study examined attitudes toward the building of a nuclear power station in one's locality. In a survey of 719 residents of four small rural communities that were selected as possible locations for a new nuclear power station in southwest England, we examined the effects of having lived near a nuclear power station on perceptions of the various possible consequences associated with this technology. Results showed a more favorable attitude in the community located near the existing nuclear power stations than in the three remaining communities. Experience of having lived near a nuclear power station affected not only respondents' perceptions of the various potential costs and benefits of the building and operation of a nuclear power station in one's locality, but also the importance respondents attached to the various consequences. Results indicated marked differences in perceptions of economic benefits and health and environmental risks. Furthermore, present findings suggest that psychological risks play a crucial role in local acceptance of a nuclear power station. Attitudinal differences were most closely related to anxiety factors, and the present research serves as a reminder of the importance of these factors in attitude formation for those most directly affected by the building and operation of a nuclear power station.