Plasmodium Vivax Malaria and Coombs-Positive Anemia

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Abstract
Summary A case of low-grade Plasmodium vivax parasitemia and severe anemia associated with the serologic stigmata of autoimmune disease, a positive Coombs test, positive serologic test for syphilis, positive rheumatoid factor, and slight elevation of the serum gamma globulin fraction is described. Coombs-positive hemolysis has not been previously reported in untreated malaria. The possible significance of the Coombs test and the mechanism of anemia in malaria are discussed.