Theoretical estimation of punch velocities and displacements of single-punch and rotary tablet machines

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Abstract
The speed of travel of punches during compaction by a Manesty F3 single punch and D3B Rotary punch tablet machine has been derived from machine dimensions, normal operating speeds and by consideration of the consolidation of a theoretical compact. The analysis may also be used for machines with other dimensions, operating at different speeds with other materials, but would require modification if the punch head design on the rotary machine differed significantly. Punch speeds at the beginning of the compression cycle were similar for the two types of machines, namely 10·36 and 10·24 cm s−1 for the single and rotary machines. The time to reach maximum compression and the total time of contact between punches and powder for the single punch machine was 0·1 s for a compaction force of approximately 40 KN. For the rotary machine operating at approximately the same force, these two parameters were found to be 0·052 and 0·083 s respectively. The additional contact time is associated with a period during which there is no vertical movement of the punch, providing a ‘dwell’ time of 0·0314 s when the powder is held at a constant volume.

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