Growth and Epinasty of Marigold Plants Maintained from Emergence on Horizontal Clinostats

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Abstract
Dry weight, leaf number and leaf size of marigold plants (Tagetes patula) grown from emergence for 18 days on horizontal clinostats rotating at 15 revolutions per h (rph), were similar to those of plants grown for the same period on vertically oriented clinostats rotating at 15 rph. The horizontally grown plants exhibited some epinasty which disappeared when plants were placed upright for 24 h. Vertically grown plants when placed on horizontal clinostats for 24 h exhibited more epinasty than plants grown from emergence on horizontal clinostats. Data are provided to demonstrate that leaves undergo movement (bending) during each rotation cycle that leads to the development of a leaf curvature that is oriented away from the direction of rotation. The results of this study suggest that epinasty of plants placed on horizontal clinostats could be due to uncontrolled movement of plants during rotation rather than controlled by gravity nullification. The usefulness of horizontal clinostats for gravity nullification or simulating weightlessness on plants is questioned.