Diffusion of Amino Acids and Saccharides in Solutions of Dextran and Its Derivatives

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Abstract
Since amino acids and saccharides have been used as model substrates for immobilized enzymes, the diffusion coefficients of those compounds were measured in the solutions of glucose polymers, such as dextran, DEAE-dextran and dextran sulfate which are the constituents of carriers of immobilized enzymes, by the height area method using the Schlieren optical system. The diffusion coefficients decreased with an increase of the polymer concentration. The decrease of diffusion coefficient was most significant in l-arginine-dextran sulfate system where the former had a positive net charge, while the latter the negative ones. A model by which the experimental results could be explained was proposed. In the model, were taken into account the direct interactions between the diffusing solute and the polymer, i.e., the hydrogen bonding and the ionic interaction. A fairly good agreement was observed between the experimental and calculated results.

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