Antiferromagnetism

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Abstract
The nature of the spin coupling in MnO is discussed, the details of the discussion being based on a very simplified three-center system. The coupling between magnetic ions whose charge densities interact with an intervening nonmagnetic ion but not directly with each other is described as the result of the polarization of the nonmagnetic ion. The configuration interaction representation of this polarization is treated by nonorthogonal orbitals, orthogonal orbitals, and by a method due to Kramers. These three approaches are applied to a numerical example. It is concluded that a reliable description of the simple three-center problem is more complicated than generally believed due to the importance of highly excited states of the system which have been neglected in previous treatments of the problem.