Plasma Levels and Cardiovascular, Endocrine, and Excretory Effects of Atrial Natriuretic Peptide during Different Sodium Intakes in Man*

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Abstract
Endogenous plasma concentrations of human atrial natriuretic peptide (αhANP) as well as effects of synthetic αhANP on some cardiovascular, endocrine, and renal excretory parameters were investigated in 10 normal subjects during sodium (Na+) intakes of 17, 140, and 310 mmol/day, respectively. Plasma hANP was slightly but not significantly higher after 5 days of normal or high sodium intake than after 5 days of low sodium intake [54 ± 13, 46 ± 8, and 37 ± 5 (mean ± SEM) pg/ml, respectively]. αhANP infused at 0.1μg/kg-min during all Na+ intakes produced a similar fall in diastolic blood pressure (P < 0.001) and rise in heart rate (P < 0.001), a comparable percent increase in plasma norepinephrine (P < 0.001), and a reduction in plasma cortisol and aldosterone (P < 0.01-0.001) despite raised renin activity (P < 0.05-0.001) and unchanged plasma electrolytes. αhANP-induced plasma volume contraction, diuresis, and natriuresis were greater during high than low Na+ intake (P < 0.01-0.001). Therefore, in normal man different Na+ intakes are accompanied by marked modifications in renal excretory responsiveness to αhANP. Regardless of sodium intake, αhANP can promote BP reduction and hemoconcentration, elicit reflex (?) sympathetic activation, and depress basal circulating aldosterone and cortisol levels in the face of an activated renin system.

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