Effect of cutaneous electric shock on ventilatory response of birds to carbon dioxide

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Abstract
Total ventilation was plotted against inspired CO2 concentration for 10 pigeons, 3 chickens, and a duck while they received and did not receive an electric shock. Shock caused a constant degree of displacement of the response curve, generally in the direction of an increased ventilation. Both tidal volume and frequency were altered by the shock, and the alterations remained constant over the range of CO2 studied. The actual degree of displacement varied in repeated experiments on the same bird and was not apparently related to any of the features of the electric shock in the ranges studied. Our data do not suggest that there is any appreciable diminution of the ventilatory response to electric shock over a wide range of CO2 concentrations. The effects of sensory stimuli are on both frequency and tidal volume.

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