Caffeine: Clinical and experimental effects in humans

Abstract
The contrast of attitudes to the psychiatric effects of caffeine between North America and Britain is highlighted. A summary of the dietary sources, pharmacology and effects of caffeine on normal subjects is given. The emphasis in normal subjects is on the acute, chronic, toxic and withdrawal effects. With this background information, a more specific evaluation of the psychiatric issues are discussed. In conclusion, the case is made for the inclusion of a specific category, in non‐dependent abuse of drugs, for caffeine.