Interaction of a New Cephalosporin, 7-Cyanacetamidocephalosporanic Acid, with Some Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive β-Lactamase-Producing Bacteria

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Abstract
When gram-negative β-lactamase-producing bacteria were incubated at 37 C in broth containing 100 to 250 μg or more of 7-cyanacetamidocephalosporanic acid (CAA) per ml, a red or orange color developed, irrespective of whether or not growth had occurred. This color development was paralleled by breakdown of CAA by Escherichia coli R + TEM, although there was a concurrent lethal effect on the cells. No red color developed with gram-positive or gram-negative strains that did not produce β-lactamase. Several methicillin-susceptible β-lactamase-producing strains of Staphylococcus aureus produced a faint red color, as did one of four penicillin acylase-producing E. coli strains. No color resulted when two methicillin-resistant, β-lactamase-nonproducing S. aureus strains were tested. Two methicillin-resistant, β-lactamase-producing S. aureus strains produced a bright red color at 37 C, but a much fainter one at 30 C.