The Hera database and its use in the characterization of endoplasmic reticulum proteins

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Abstract
Motivation: Information concerning endoplasmic reticulum (ER) proteins is widely dispersed and cannot be easily and rapidly processed by the biological community. We present a comprehensive database of human ER proteins, called Human ER Aperçu (Hera). The Hera database was constructed by exhaustively searching through public databases and the scientific literature for ER proteins. Results: Hera was used for the analysis of characteristics common to all human ER proteins. Our results show that a high proportion of ER proteins (59%) have at least one transmembrane domain and display physical characteristics consistent with this observation. In addition, one-third of ER proteins contain known ER retrieval or retention signals and 70% of ER proteins contain a signal peptide or anchor. Finally, 85% of ER proteins contain at least one InterPro motif. The most abundant InterPro motifs in ER proteins represent many of the most well-characterized functions of the ER. Availability: Hera is available at http://www.mcb.mcgill.ca/~hera.

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