The energy-loss spectra of fast charged particles passing through a thin metallic film

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Abstract
The energy-loss spectra of heavy, fast charged particles passing through a thin film are studied. The authors generalised the Landau transport theory to include the quantum mechanical transient effect caused by the finite dimension of a thin film. The energy-loss spectrum of a cluster of correlated charged particles is then considered. Since the effect becomes important when the thickness a p, where omega p is the plasma frequency and V is the velocity of the incident particle, the coupling constant between the charged particle and bulk plasmons also must be modified to account for the size dependence. They have included both effects in a derivation of the probability distribution function and the energy-loss moments. The correlation effect on the energy loss moments is emphasised.