Neonatal typhoid fever

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Abstract
Typhoid fever occurs in children less than 2 years of age but is thught to be a mild, often unrecognized illness. Neonatal typhoid fever is a rare but often life-threatening illness, uniformly fatal in the preantibiotic era. Vertical intrauterine transmission from a typhoid-infected mother is implicated in neonatal typhoid fever. Ten cases at a rural African hospital are presented. Three patients died with two dieaths associated with empiric management inappropriat for Salmonella typhi. A second clinical presentation in the neonate is asymptomatic persistent excretion. Infants ≥3 weeks old may also be infected from an exogenous source and have severe disease. Where typhoid is endemic S. typhi should be considered as a cause of sepsis neonatorum and appropriate antibiotics included in empiric therapy.

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