Inhibition of human oral squamous carcinoma cell (SCC‐25) proliferation by prostaglandin E2 and vitamin E succinate

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Abstract
The primary objective of this investigation was to study the effect of D‐alpha‐tocopherol acid succinate (vitamin E succinate) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), individually and in combination, on the proliferation of human tongue squamous carcinoma cells (SCC‐25) in vitro. Test compounds in varying concentrations were incubated with cells in serum‐free Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium‐Ham's F‐12 Medium (50:50), supplemented with 0.1% albumin for sixteen hours. Cell proliferation was measured by the incorporation of [3H] thymidine in acid‐insoluble material (i.e. DNA). Prostaglandin E2 and vitamin E succinate, individually at 10−9 10−6 M, caused significant dose‐dependent inhibition in DNA synthesis. A combined dose of each compound at 10−5 M resulted in significant additive inhibition which averaged 43.53% (p < 0.005). Addition of indomethacin (INDO) to cell cultures induced significant dose‐dependent stimulation in DNA synthesis. Hence, we might suggest that the overall potential of vitamin E in controlling malignant cell proliferation in vivo could be due to its own effect combined with that of endogenous PGs which are normally produced in excessive amounts by malignant cells.