Predictors of Adolescents' Intentions to Smoke: Age, Sex, Race, and Regional Differences

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Abstract
The present study investigated the predictors of smoking intentions among subgroups of adolescent nonsmokers, examining age, sex, ethnic and regional differences. Proximal factors specific to smoking and more general, distal factors were successful predictors of intentions to smoke. The similarities in prediction outweighed the differences between demographic subgroups. There were 3 demographic differences: peer and family smoking levels were more important in predicting intentions for girls than boys; smoking initiation was more of a way of adopting deviant or problem behavior for midwestern than for southwestern [USA] subjects; familial smoking models were more related to the intentions of midwestern than southwestern subjects. The theoretical significance of these results and their practical implications for smoking prevention were discussed.