The authors show that there are areas within the brains of monkeys which, when stimulated through implanted electrodes, have positively reinforcing value. They also suggest that reference merely to the septal area without specifying the particular nuclear groups may be masking differences to be found within this region. Results are attributable to the reinforcing value of the stimulus and not to any effect which might inhibit movements of the animals. In contrast to previous reports, food is shown to have more reward value than the electrical stimulation. Possible explanations are offered (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)