Using Age-Neutral Physical Activity Questionnaires in Research with the Elderly

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Abstract
We compared physical activity levels reported on an age-neutral questionnaire with physical activity estimates derived from a 3-day activity diary in 123 community-dwelling volunteers age 65-91 years. On average, the questionnaire data underestimated the amount of time spent in physical activity by approximately 2 hours and 45 minutes per day. The magnitude of the absolute reporting error was small for the most strenuous activity category (approximately 5 minutes per day), but substantial for the least strenuous category (approximately 2 hours and 20 minutes per day). Reporting error was similar by respondents' age, gender, and health status, but higher among those with less education and income, and higher for those who did more physical activity. Our results suggest that age-neutral physical activity questionnaires should not be used in investigations involving older populations. A physical activity diary, which utilizes a categorical format to prompt and guide the respondent, may provide a more useful current alternative method for physical activity assessment in older people.