Geometric effects on superfluid turbulence: Rectangular, square, and circular tubes compared

Abstract
He II thermal resistance measurements have been extended to small square glass tubes in order to provide an important check on the geometric scaling of the superfluid turbulent state suggested by recent experiments. The results indicate that the turbulence scales approximately with the hydraulic diameter. Further, a second turbulent state similar to that observed in circular tubes has also been found in the square tubes. The absence of this state in rectangular tubes is discussed.

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