Antibodies to beta2-Microglobulin, the Light-Chain Component of Class I Histocompatibility Molecules, Provide an Activation Signal to Human Lymphocytes

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Abstract
Antibodies to β2‐microglobulin (β2m), the light‐chain component of class I histocompatibility antigens, provide a strong co‐stimulatory signal to human lymphocytes in the presence of phorbol ester. This activation signal requires a high concentration it antibody, whereas the effect on responses to a mitogenic lectin is exclusively inhibitory over a broad dose range. A rabbit polyclonal and a mouse monoclonal antibody to β2m were similarly co‐stimulatory. Antibody to β2m was co‐stimulatory with phorbol ester, but not calcium ionophore, suggesting that class I antigens play a role in the initiation of the ‘first’ signal of a recently described two‐signal model of lymphocyte activation.
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