Use of a self-report symptom scale to detect depression in a community sample

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Abstract
The CES-D (center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale), a self-report depression symptom scale was given to 515 people drawn from a longitudinal community survey. The subjects were also interviewed using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (SADS). From the information collected on the SADS, the subjects were given diagnoses based on Research Diagnostic Criteria. A modest relationship was shown between self-reported symptoms of depression and the diagnosis of a major or minor depression. The groups defined as cases by such reports also include many people with other diagnoses or with no diagnoses at all. Symptom scales are useful for the screening of depressed persons in research studies but are only rough indicators of clinical depression in the community.

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