Calcium Translocation in the Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)1

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Abstract
Fruiting peanut plants (Arachis hypogaea L.) were grown in pots of soil with some roots extending through the drainage hole into jars of water. Supplying 45Ca to the water in these jars for 2 to 4 days resulted in calcium uptake and translocation primarily to the vegetative portions of the plants, as measured by autoradiographs. When fruit of plants, having 45Ca supplied as described above, were lifted from the fruiting medium and exposed to the atmosphere to promote water loss from transpiration, radioactive calcium moved readily into them, while only traces of 45Ca were detected in fruit remaining in the soil.Peanut plants were grown so that the fruiting medium, consisting of nutrient free sand, was isolated from the rooting medium to study the effects on fruit development of varying water and calcium in the fruiting zone. Omission of water or intermittent watering of the fruiting medium resulted in an increased percentage of dead gynophores (pegs or fruiting stalks). Omission of calcium and/or water decreased the percentage of fruit containing seed, and also reduced the number of two‐segmented fruit. Calcium content of both pericarp and seed was decreased by omitting calcium and/water from the fruiting medium. Intermittent drying of a calcium‐free fruiting medium did not result in an increased movement of calcium into the fruit from the vegetative part of the plant, as compared with fruit in a continually moist calcium‐free medium.

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