Pigment-Epithelium–Derived Factor — A Key Coordinator of Retinal Neuronal and Vascular Functions

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Abstract
Precise regulation of vascular development is critical in the eye, where a few microns' deviation can cause blood vessels to move into normally avascular areas such as the cornea, vitreous, and fovea, thereby diminishing vision. Ample vascular supply is essential in the retina, which is one of the most metabolically active tissues in the body. The retina, which consists of cell layers that are less than 1 mm thick, is nourished by two vascular beds: the choriocapillaris in the posterior region and the retinal vasculature in the region beneath the vitreous. Separating these two vascular beds are Bruch's membrane and . . .