Remote sensing of vertical distributions of smoke aerosol off the coast of Africa

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Abstract
In 2004 NASA plans to launch the Cloud‐Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations — CALIPSO mission, with a two‐wavelength lidar aboard. CALIPSO will fly in formation with the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectro‐Radiometer (MODIS) on the Aqua satellite. Here we present inversions of combined aircraft lidar and MODIS data to study the properties of smoke off the southwest coast of Southern Africa. The inversion derives profiles of the aerosol extinction due to fine and coarse particles. Comparisons with three sets of airborne in situ measurements show excellent agreement of the aerosol extinction profiles; however the inversion derives smaller spectral dependence of the extinction than the in situ measurements. The inversion is sensitive to the aerosol backscattering‐to‐extinction ratio (BER). Due to nonsphericity of the coarse aerosols, the range of BERs of the smoke aerosol is 0.014 to 0.021 sr−1 for the fine and coarse particles at 0.53 and 1.06 μm wavelengths, which do not differ much from the value for dust (0.016 sr−1) at these wavelengths.