Regional Adipose Tissue Metabolism in Postmenopausal Women After Treatment with Exogenous Sex Steroids

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Abstract
In order to evaluate the effect of exogenous sex steroids on adipose tissue metabolism, two groups of postmenopausal women were studied. In one of the groups, the effect of 50 μg ethinyl estradiol (EE) was investigated given orally alone and in combination with 10 mg norethisterone acetate (NET). This combination is reminiscent of an old high dose oral contraceptive. In the other group, the effect of 3 mg 17β-estradiol was evaluated when administered percutaneously alone and in combination with 300 mg micronized progesterone given orally. These substances and doses were chosen to provide a “physiological” hormonal influence. In the femoral region 50 μg EE induced an increase in LPL activity. This elevated LPL value was reversed with the addition of 10 mg NET. Moreover, during treatment with 50 μg EE, a decrease in norepinephrine stimulated lipolysis was seen in the abdominal region. The percutaneous administration of 17β-estradiol with or without micronized progesterone, however, was inert as regards subcutaneous adipose tissue metabolism. Our findings indicate, therefore, that EE in doses used in oral contraception might promote lipid accumulation in the femoral adipose tissue depot.