Craniofrontonasal dysostosis with deafness and axillary pterygia

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Abstract
Craniofrontonasal dysostosis (CFND) is an inherited disorder previously referred to as craniofrontonasal dysplasia. However, there is no evidence of tissue dysplasia and, therefore, the term dysostosis has been substituted. The disorder is characterized by frontonasal dysostosis, coronal craniostenosis, and the variable presence of other skeletal defects, including short webbed neck, sloping shoulders, polydactyly, syndactyly, and broad first toes. Here we report an affected mother and daughter who also have limited hip abduction. In addition, the mother had an axillary pterygia, congenital footplate fixation of the left ear, and right sensorineural hearing loss; these manifestations have not been reported previously in CFND and expand the phenotype of this syndrome. Both patients had marked restriction of shoulder abduction, and the mother had limited forearm pronation; these manifestations have been reported in only one other patient with CFND. Awareness of the possibility of these abnormalities may allow for early intervention by physical therapy and hearing aides in infants and young children with these manifestations as a component of CFND.