Microwave surgery: Hepatectomy using a microwave tissue coagulator

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Abstract
The microwave tissue coagulator has been applied clinically with satisfactory results. In our system, 2,450‐MHz microwaves for medical use are generated and transmitted to a monopolar‐type needle electrode. This electrode is thrust directly into the liver tissue and this is repeated along the line where incision is anticipated. Between July 1980, and May 1983, this device was used in 60 patients having major hepatic resections for a variety of conditions. The average amounts of blood loss and blood transfusion were 860 ml and 416 ml, respectively. Seventeen patients did not need blood transfusions, and all cases were free from postoperative bleeding from the resected liver stump. Besides the complications similar to those occurring with other major operations, pyrexia and abdominal pain developed in some cases 2–3 weeks after this surgical procedure. These symptoms were thought to be ascribed to the microwave surgery. However, they remitted soon and the subsequent course was uneventful. All patients with benign or inflammatory diseases had a satisfactory postoperative course, and are well. Of the patients subjected to liver resection for malignant diseases, 4 (6.7%) died within a month after the operation. These findings led us to conclude that this new operative technique can be utilized safely, surely, and easily in the field of hepatic surgery.