Immunocytochemical localization of neurosecretory amines and peptides in the free-living nematode,Goodeyus ulmi

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Abstract
Mammalian antibodies to the neuroamines, serotonin and γ-amino-butyric acid (GABA) and to the neuropeptides, adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and FMRF-amide evoked a response toGoodeyus ulmi, a free-living nematode. Serotonin-like immunoreactivity was found in cell bodies in the nerve ring and in the ventral nerve cord in all developmental stages. Neurons in the vulva, implicated in egg-laying, were immunoreactive to anti-serotonin inG. ulmi females, while in males serotonergic nerve fibres was found in the spicular region. Immunoreactivity to ACTH was also seen to differ depending on the developmental stage ofG. ulmi, being present only in the ventral cord from the late L3 stage. Anti-GABA immunoreactivity was localized in two cell bodies near the amphids in all life stages and FMRF-amide immunoreactivity was seen in the nerve ring in all developmental stages. No reactivity was found with antibodies to vasointestinal peptide and somatostatin-14.