De la mesure de la sensibilité temporelle aux modèles d'organisation temporelle : hypothèses et données sur l'acquisition des capacités temporelles auditives

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Résumé Les idées et les données expérimentales de Paul Fraisse sur la perception du temps ont considérablement influencé les recherches actuelles sur la cognition auditive. Nous illustrons comment le modèle de l'attention dynamique de Jones et Boltz (1989) les ont intégrées, en testant deux prédictions sur l'acquisition des compétences temporelles : 1/ les jeunes enfants et les bébés se focalisent spontanément sur des événements se produisant à une cadence plus rapide que les enfants plus âgés ou les adultes; 2/ les enfants plus âgés deviennent progressivement capables de focaliser leur attention sur des événements se produisant à des cadences plus éloignées de leur niveau de focalisation spontané. Mots-clés: sensibilité temporelle, organisation temporelle auditive, développement.Summary: Front temporal sensitivity to models of temporal organization : Hypotheses and data on the acquisition of temporal abilities. Current research in the field of time perception has been greatly influenced by pioneering investigations carried out over the last fifly years by Paul Fraisse. We demonstrate how contemporary models of auditory perception and cognition, in particular the Dynamic Attending Theory proposed by Jones and Boltz (1989), incorporate several ofhis ideas and experimental findings. This theory models how listeners are able to follow complex auditory sequences in real time by extracting temporal regularities front what they have already heard and by using this information to create expectations about what will happen in the future. Future events that correspond to these expectations are processed preferentially. We provide new experimental evidence in favor of two predictions that derive from this theory about how these abilities are acquired. First, we demonstrate that younger children focus spontaneously on faster occurring events than older children or adults. Second, we show that older children become increasingly able to focus on events occurring at rates further from their spontaneous referent level. The implications of these results for models of auditory perception and cognition are discussed. Key words : temporal sensitivity, auditory temporal organization, development.Drake Carolyn, Baruch C. De la mesure de la sensibilité temporelle aux modèles d'organisation temporelle : hypothèses et données sur l'acquisition des capacités temporelles auditives. In: L'année psychologique. 1995 vol. 95, n°4. pp. 555-569

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