On Transient cutting Mechanics at the Initial Stage of Peripheral Milling Process

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Abstract
Cutting mechanics at the initial stage of peripheral milling is precisely discussed on the basis of many data on various factors. Experiments carried out are measurements of cutting force and its vector representation, observations of chip formation process with microphotographs, and measurements of the stress distribution and chip contact length on the tool rake face and shear angle obtained from the chip thickness. Main conclusions are the followings. (i) A transient period exists at the initial stage, where some factors to be effective on the mechanics vary with violence. In the period, up milling process and down milling process represent their characteristic feature. (ii) The transient cutting mechanics changes its feature with tool advancement. Up milling has four processes which can be distinguished in a period from the first contact of tool with workplace to the steady state. Down milling has two processes. The mechanics of the above each process is discussed with experimental data.

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