Geothermal activity in Victoria Land, Antarctica

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Abstract
Fumarolic ice towers and areas of steaming ground are the only surface manifestations of geothermal activity near the summits of Mounts Melbourne and Erebus, Victoria Land, Antarctica. The distribution, nature, and limited range of the geothermal features reflect the lack of liquid water in the normal environment of these volcanoes, where modes of heat transport are confined to conduction and convection of air and water vapour. Under such conditions, only localised occurrence of liquid water is considered possible.